Month: February 2024

Long-term care insurance (LTCi) can serve as financial protection against the cost of future long-term care needs, and policyholders may also enjoy tax advantages by having this coverage. Since the costs of long-term care services can add up quickly, premium payments can also be significant. The good news is that at least some of the premium payments made to these policies may be tax deductible depending on the policyholder’s situation. Here, we’ll discuss the circumstances when long-term care insurance premiums are tax deductible and how much you may be able to claim as a tax deduction.

Is your long-term care insurance premium tax deductible?

The key to determining whether your monthly premium payments are tax deductible is learning whether your policy is tax-qualified (TQ) or non-tax qualified (NTQ). TQ policy premium payments may be tax deductible, whereas NTQ policies are not. If you have a policy, your insurance provider should be able to tell you which type of policy you have. Let’s take a closer look at what TQ and NTQ mean.

Tax-qualified long-term care insurance policies may be tax deductible

Tax-qualified LTCi policies must meet specific criteria set by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to qualify for tax advantages. One of the defining features of TQ policies is that they adhere to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) standards, which require the policyholder to be chronically ill (unable to perform at least two activities of daily living for at least 90 days or requiring substantial supervision due to severe cognitive impairment) for benefits to be paid. Additionally, TQ policies must follow specific consumer protection guidelines outlined by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). 

Non-tax-qualified long-term care insurance policies are not tax deductible

Non-tax-qualified LTCi policies do not adhere to the same IRS and HIPAA criteria as TQ policies, which means they do not offer the same tax benefits. These policies may provide coverage under a broader range of conditions not limited to the strict definition of being chronically ill. NTQ policies might include traditional long-term care insurance without HIPAA-defined triggers, or they might be part of more flexible insurance products that combine life insurance with long-term care benefits without meeting the TQ standards. The flexibility makes these policies appealing to some despite the lack of tax advantages.

It’s important to note that the distinction between TQ and NTQ policies is based on whether the policy complies with the specific criteria set by the IRS and HIPAA for tax deductibility. Contact your insurance provider if you’re unsure whether your policy is tax qualified or non-tax qualified.

The significance of tax qualification

With a tax-qualified long-term care insurance policy, the policyholder may be eligible to deduct part of their premiums as a medical expense, depending on their overall tax situation. The IRS recognizes premiums paid toward TQ policies as potentially deductible under the medical expenses category, provided they, along with other qualifying medical expenses, exceed a certain percentage of the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income (AGI).

However, the deductibility of these premiums is subject to several limitations. For instance, there is an age-dependent cap on the amount that can be deducted, and only amounts exceeding 7.5% of the policyholder’s adjusted gross income for the tax year can be considered. It is crucial for policyholders to understand not just whether their policy is tax qualified but also the nuances of how these deductions work.

Other factors influencing long-term care insurance tax deductibility

In addition to the considerations already discussed, several other factors can influence the tax deductibility of long-term care insurance premiums. Understanding these factors can help policyholders make informed decisions about their tax situations.

Itemizing deductions

One of the key considerations for deducting LTCi premiums is whether the taxpayer itemizes deductions or claims the standard deduction on their tax return. The premiums for a tax-qualified LTCi policy can be deducted only if the taxpayer forgoes the standard deduction in favor of itemizing deductions. The total of all itemized deductions, including medical expenses, must exceed the standard deduction for itemizing to be beneficial to the taxpayer.

Percentage of income

Even when itemizing, the total of all medical expenses, including LTCi premiums, must exceed 7.5% of the policyholder’s AGI. Only the amount that exceeds this threshold is tax deductible. This rule limits the tax benefits for those with higher incomes or lower overall medical expenses.

Age-related limits on deductions

The IRS sets age-based limits each year on the amount of long-term care insurance premiums that can be tax deductible. These limits account for the increasing cost of long-term care insurance as individuals age, providing greater tax relief for older policyholders. 

For tax year 2024, the limits are as follows:

Limitations based on income and filing status

The impact of a policyholder’s income and tax filing status on the deductibility of long-term care insurance premiums cannot be overstated. Higher-income individuals may find it more challenging to exceed the 7.5% AGI threshold for medical expense deductions, potentially reducing the tax benefits of their LTCi premiums. Additionally, the tax filing status, whether single, married filing jointly, or another status, can affect the standard deduction amount, which in turn influences the decision to itemize deductions. These factors must be carefully considered to understand the full tax implications of long-term care insurance premiums.

Health savings accounts

An additional layer of complexity and opportunity affects those with health savings accounts (HSAs). HSAs allow individuals to pay with pretax dollars for qualified medical expenses, including long-term care insurance premiums. This can provide a tax advantage regardless of whether one itemizes deductions. However, the amount of LTCi premiums one can pay from an HSA is subject to the same age-based limits set by the IRS for tax deductions. HSAs are a valuable tool for managing the cost of long-term care insurance, but it’s important to be aware of the limitations and rules that apply.

State-specific tax incentives

It’s also worth noting that some states offer their own tax incentives for long-term care insurance premiums. These incentives vary from state to state and may provide deductions or credits beyond what’s available at the federal level. Policyholders should research the specific tax benefits offered in their state to ensure they maximize their potential tax savings. The benefits can make a difference in the overall affordability of a long-term care insurance policy.

For example, the state of New York provides a notable state-specific incentive for long-term care insurance policyholders. New York allows residents to claim a tax credit for 20% of the premiums paid on qualifying long-term care insurance policies. This credit directly reduces the taxes the policyholder owes and is nonrefundable, meaning it can reduce the state tax liability to zero but not provide a refund beyond that. This incentive is particularly beneficial because it offers a dollar-for-dollar reduction in tax liability rather than a deduction from taxable income, making it more valuable for many taxpayers.

Whether long-term care insurance premiums are tax deductible is a complex topic, influenced by various factors, including the type of policy, whether the taxpayer itemizes deductions, the policyholder’s age, and their overall income and tax situation. Health savings accounts and state-specific tax incentives further complicate the topic, offering additional opportunities for savings under certain conditions. Given these complexities, it’s crucial for policyholders and prospective policyholders to consult with a tax professional to navigate the specifics of their individual situations. Understanding the tax implications of long-term care insurance premiums can help individuals make more informed decisions about their coverage and potentially ease the financial burden of planning for long-term care.

If your parent is considering getting long-term care services, but they must be conscious of the costs, they’re not alone. While assisted living residences are often the go-to care solution for older adults, the monthly cost for can add up. Since many people must pay for senior care out of pocket, it can feel out of reach. There are options when your parent can’t afford assisted living. With thoughtful planning and creativity, there are ways to get the necessary help without moving to an assisted living community. Here, we’ll share some alternative care options when assisted living is financially out of reach and review some resources that may alleviate the cost of care. 

Alternative care options for assisted living

Assisted living isn’t the only solution when your older adult loved one needs care. Other options can ensure they get the assistance they need while living in an environment they enjoy. Below are some alternatives for care if your parent can’t afford assisted living.

Hire a home care or home health care agency

Home care refers to professional caregivers coming into your parent’s home to assist with personal care and household tasks. While home care is also a private-pay option, it can be more financially feasible to some because of its flexibility. If your loved one needs help for only part of the day, or if it supplements care from a family member, it can be more financially accessible. 

Home health care is an option that some health insurance will cover under certain circumstances. Suppose your loved one’s physician prescribes home health care. In that case, they may receive coverage for medical support in the home, including nursing care, physical therapy, and occupational therapy, based on your loved one’s needs. While on its own, this won’t provide a full care schedule, it can supplement the care provided by others.

Seek respite care and adult day care to supplement family support

Some families may be able to care for their older adult loved ones. An aging parent might live with an adult child in either the child’s home or their own. This situation allows the older adult to age in place in a way that’s more financially feasible. The adult child might also enlist respite support from home care agencies or adult day care programs. 

If living together is not an option, building a calendar of home care provided by family and friends could be a solution. An online caregiver calendar tool can help the family create a schedule to ensure that the older adult has someone around to help with different tasks as needed. 

Make home modifications to keep the house safe

Sometimes, the home itself makes it difficult for the older adult to age in place. Modifying the home to make it suitable for aging may be an option. Modifications might include significant updates, such as adding a bathroom to the first floor, or small adaptations, like installing grab bars and handrails. While these might be an investment at the time, they may offer more savings in the long run compared to living in an assisted living community. Additionally, some states may offer home modification loan programs to assist people with disabilities in making safety adaptations to their homes.

Consider moving to adult foster care

If remaining in the home or living with family members isn’t an option, consider adult foster care. In adult foster care, the older adult moves into a house with a limited number of residents, typically six or fewer. A caregiver lives in the home, and residents receive meals, activities, assistance with tasks, and transportation. Cost depends on location, but it can be more affordable than assisted living, in addition to being quieter and more homelike.

Get assistance with paying for care

While options can feel limited if your parent can’t afford assisted living, programs may be available to help offset the cost of care — whether at home or at an assisted living community. Below are a few options to explore to help offset the cost of senior care. 

Medicaid can pay for long-term care

Medicaid is a health insurance program run jointly by state and federal governments that provides coverage for low-income individuals. Since each state runs its own Medicaid program, coverage will vary, but depending on where you live, Medicaid may pay for certain aspects of assisted living or home care. Note that not all communities accept Medicaid even if the state’s program allows it. 

Qualified Veterans can use home care or financial benefits

If your loved one or their spouse served in the military, they may be entitled to Veterans benefits as they age. They may be eligible for VA home care programs or a stipend they can use toward an assisted living community or other types of care. Their eligibility will be determined based on their time in the service as well as their current care and financial needs. To start exploring eligibility for your loved one, connect with their local VA or Veterans Service Officer. Two programs to ask about are the Aid and Attendance benefit and the home health aide program.  

Access your local Area Agency on Aging

The Older Americans Act implemented Area Agencies on Aging (AAAs) across the country. These AAAs offer a range of services based on the state in which they are located. Through an AAA, your loved one may be able to access home care or adult day care programs. The cost of these programs may be covered based on what the state-subsidized insurance offers. One program to inquire about is the adult foster care program. 

Additionally, an AAA can help determine if your loved one lives in the jurisdiction of a Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE). These programs provide medical care and care services to help support older adults aging in place. This may not be a fit for everyone, but for some, it can make care more financially accessible. 

Apply for a caregiver grant

Caregiver grants are often created to provide funds for caregiver respite. Connect with local organizations that provide senior care to discuss potential grant opportunities. Additionally, if your loved one has a specific diagnosis, such as dementia or Parkinson’s, check out those foundation websites to learn about potentially available grants. There are also grants for specific circumstances, such as dementia home care grants given by HFC and the Home Instead network, which offer respite care for a caregiver of someone with Alzheimer’s or dementia.

If you are worried about the daunting costs of senior care, you’re not alone. Senior care is expensive, and the number of options is overwhelming. Though assisted living can be a good solution for an older adult who needs assistance, for some it is not affordable. Take your time exploring assisted living alternatives and gaining knowledge on what’s available to you and your loved ones. With the right knowledge, you can ensure that even if your parent can’t afford assisted living, they will be cared for and in the right living situation for them.

Being the primary caregiver for an aging parent takes time and energy. In an ideal world, others would be involved to help take some pressure off caregiving, but that often isn’t the case. Managing caregiving tasks and your own to-dos can be a balancing act. Solo caregiving can often be more demanding than a full-time job, so it’s important to use time management skills to ensure you’re making the most of your time and energy. In this guide, we’ll share some time management tips to help you in your caregiving journey. 

Maintain a caregiving binder

A caregiving binder can be your one-stop shop for all things caregiving. Depending on your preferences, this can be a physical binder or a digital folder, but you might find that a physical document is easier to share with others involved in your loved one’s care. 

The binder is a place to keep track of medication lists, notes from physician appointments, information about care services, and details about your loved one’s caregiving needs. You might also store advance directive documents and important contact information in the binder. 

Create a daily schedule to manage your daily tasks

A simple yet essential time management skill is making a schedule. Creating a daily schedule not only helps with your time management but can be a supportive tool for your older adult loved one. Routines are especially helpful for older adults with Alzheimer’s or dementia. When making a daily schedule, consider what times of day your loved one most needs support and build from there. Include any personal tasks they need assistance with, such as bathing and dressing. Consider tasks you and your loved one can do together, such as errands and household chores. Be sure to put aside time for entertainment, socializing, and relaxation for both you and your parent. If you keep a caregiving binder, include a copy of your routine. You might also write the schedule on a whiteboard so your loved one can see it and check for the day’s events, too. 

Consistently use a calendar

The consistent use of a calendar is an essential time management skill. Though it sounds simple, a calendar helps visualize your and your loved one’s activities. Calendar apps allow you to easily add appointments and reminders so you can keep track of your schedule and be sure not to miss any important appointments or events. Most calendar apps allow you to keep separate calendars for different people with the option to see both at the same time. This feature can help you visualize who needs to be where and at what time.

If a physical calendar is your preference, try using a color-coding system to keep track of different types of events. Choose one color for your activities, one for medical appointments, one for social visits, etc. This at-a-glace system can help you more efficiently organize your day.

Whatever method of calendar-keeping works best for you, consistency is the time management skill you nurture with this tool. Entering appointments as soon as you make them and blocking out the time you’ll spend in the grocery store will help you visualize your days and weeks.

Make and update a to-do list to manage priorities

While it seems simple, keeping a to-do list on paper or on your phone is a helpful time management skill that can help you track not-so-frequent tasks that pop up and might escape your mind. You also might try using an app such as Todoist or Any.do to organize tasks as they arise. Prioritize your time by grouping tasks into levels of importance or the immediacy with which they need to be completed. Whichever method you prefer, to-do lists will ensure that you best manage your time and prioritize what needs to be done without anything slipping through the cracks.

Practice time blocking to use time wisely

Time blocking is a time management skill that encourages you to focus only on one specific task at a time rather than trying to manage several tasks at once in a scattered manner. For example, you might block thirty minutes to tidy up the kitchen. You might also block a section of the day to focus on quality time with your loved one by doing a meaningful activity together. Whatever the task, you’ll focus on just that for the given amount of time. 

Of course, when caregiving alone, it can be difficult to focus purely on one activity. Sometimes, your loved one will have needs that cannot wait. However, time blocking can be a valuable tool for staying focused and organized when it comes to chores and errands. 

Use technology to supplement your loved one’s care 

Technology can be a fantastic tool to supplement your loved one’s care. Explore options that can help decrease the pressure of caregiving, such as medical alert systems, fall detection devices, GPS tools, and video cameras. While these are no substitute for a physical presence, they offer support in a pinch and can give you some peace of mind if you are managing some other aspects of your loved one’s care or your own responsibilities. 

Technology can also help keep your loved one engaged. When you’re the sole caregiver, it can be difficult to manage caregiving responsibilities in addition to providing meaningful engagement. Try using online programs to encourage cognitive stimulation, such as BrainHQ, which offers brain exercises and puzzles. You can find many chair exercise programs on YouTube to promote physical activity. An e-reader is an excellent option to give your loved one access to new books and old favorites. While they are occupied and entertained, you can find some more time to manage other tasks around the home.

Delegate when possible

While you may not have the help of siblings or formal care providers, consider what tasks can be delegated to outside sources. For example, try using a grocery delivery service if grocery shopping is challenging. If you struggle with cooking and meal planning, try a meal delivery service. There are also online services that can organize and deliver your loved one’s medications in a way that makes them ready to dispense. Any delegated activities can open up more time in your schedule for you to focus on the things that cannot be shifted. 

There’s no question that caregiving for an aging parent on your own is difficult. It’s emotionally and physically draining. However, by implementing some of these time management tips, you may find yourself better able to focus on what matters most: ensuring your loved one receives the care they need.

Nursing home care may be necessary if your parent can’t get the care they need in any other senior living setting. Paying for it can be challenging, though. Many people incorrectly assume that Medicare pays for long-term nursing home care, but it does not. Medicaid, however, is a type of insurance that can cover the cost of living in a nursing home if the individual financially qualifies and their care needs meet the requirements. Here, we’ll briefly explain Medicaid and then explore how Medicaid pays for nursing home care.

What is Medicaid?

Medicaid is a joint federal and state program that provides health care and long-term care services for people with low income. Each state decides how they administer Medicaid programs and what services they cover. 

While the federal government sets guidelines for Medicaid, there is no uniform Medicaid qualification standard because each state facilitates its own program. Generally, though, an applicant’s countable assets cannot exceed $2,000. Countable assets may include checking and savings accounts, stocks and bonds, certificates of deposits, property that is not your primary residence, and additional motor vehicles besides your primary car. 

Some nursing homes will admit people who are “Medicaid pending,” meaning they qualify for Medicaid and are awaiting formal acceptance. Other nursing homes require that you be officially accepted into Medicaid before admission. 

What is a nursing home?

A nursing home is a long-term residential care facility that provides 24-hour personal care and nursing availability to its residents. These facilities offer a higher level of care than other senior living communities, like assisted living facilities. Though assisted living facilities can accommodate people with many medical conditions, a nursing home may be the only residential facility that can meet the needs of a person who needs IV medication or hydration, wound care, or other skilled nursing services.

The benefits of nursing home care come down to the level of care they provide, which no other type of long-term residential care facility can. Some examples of nursing home services are:

• • 24-hour nursing availability.
• • On-demand aide service to assist with activities of daily living.
• • Limited therapies under Medicaid, such as physical and occupational therapy.
• • All meals.
• • Medications.
• • Imaging services.
• • Hoyer devices for people who are bedbound.
• • IV administration of medications and hydration.
• • Wound care.
• • Respiratory services.
• • Social activities.

Residents must pay premium prices to access all these skilled care services, trained caregivers, and licensed professionals under one roof. The national median monthly price of a semiprivate nursing home room (meaning two residents share one room with a curtain separator, as you might see in a hospital) is $7,908; private rooms have a median monthly cost of $9,034. Luckily, many nursing homes accept Medicaid. Let’s take a look at the nursing home costs that Medicaid covers and how it works.

Does Medicaid pay for nursing home care?

Medicaid may pay for nursing home costs if the individual has no other financial options, meaning they meet the financial requirements to qualify for Medicaid. At that point, if the person lives in a nursing home that accepts Medicaid, many of their expenses may be covered.

Medicaid pays for almost all nursing home care costs in a Medicaid-certified nursing home except personal items. However, not everyone will be accepted into a nursing home. In addition to qualifying for Medicaid, the person must meet the need for a nursing home level of care (NHLC) or nursing facility level of care (NFLC). States use functional assessment tools to determine if a person needs a nursing facility’s level of care.

A nursing home completes an assessment of each person before admitting them under Medicaid. Considerations include level of functioning based on the ability to perform activities of daily living, hands-on requirements, behavioral issues, nursing and medical needs, and cognitive impairment.

Once accepted to a nursing home, the individual might receive some variability in services, but in general, nursing homes are designed to meet all the needs of the individual, including: 

• • Room and board for a semi-private room.
• • Skilled nursing care for medical care, wound care, and medications.
• • Personal care services, including bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, and supervised eating.
• • Physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and respiratory services.
• • Medical supplies and equipment necessary for the individual’s care, such as wheelchairs, walkers, and wound care supplies.
• • Social services, including counseling, assistance with discharge planning, the admission process, and care coordination.
• • Dietary services.
• • Imaging services such as X-rays on-site.

Keep in mind that whether Medicaid will cover some of the above services varies.

If your loved one doesn’t qualify for Medicaid but the nursing home will accept them as a resident, they may need to cover the costs until they do qualify. Reducing one’s assets until they qualify for Medicaid is called Medicaid spend-down, which essentially means that a person pays for their medical costs until they spend down their assets to meet their state’s asset threshold. 

Medicaid spend-down and other Medicaid planning strategies are complex, and you must approach them legally and appropriately. Not doing so can result in a Medicaid denial. If paying for a nursing home concerns you and you’re thinking about your loved one’s Medicaid eligibility, talk to an elder law attorney or a Medicaid attorney who can help you plan for this expense.

Nursing homes offer something no other setting does: round-the-clock supervision and care for someone with significant medical needs. If your loved one qualifies and has extensive care needs, Medicaid may pay for their nursing home care so you can be sure that they are safe and cared for.

As your parents get older and need more consistent and professional care, the cost can quickly add up. People paying for their parent’s nursing home care may be looking for ways to reduce their tax obligations. Fortunately, adult children caring for their aging parents may have deductible expenses. Here, we’ll explore how nursing home expenses can be tax deductible.

What is a medical expense?

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) allows taxpayers to deduct medical expenses on their tax returns. The IRS definition of a medical expense includes the cost of treating or curing a physical or mental disability. The IRS considers some or all nursing home costs tax-deductible medical expenses if the primary reason for living there is to get medical care.

IRS rules for deductible expenses in nursing home care

Under specific conditions, some costs of nursing home care are deductible expenses. Consider these IRS rules if you plan on claiming your parents’ nursing home care on your tax returns.

Can I claim my parent as a dependent?

First, you must determine if your parent qualifies as a dependent. An adult can claim another adult as a dependent if they are a qualifying relative. An adult is considered a qualifying relative if they meet these criteria:

• • You provide more than one-half of their total financial support each year.
• • Their annual gross income is less than $4,700. Their total income does not include Social Security benefits unless they are married and filing a separate return.
• • They are related to you or lived in your household all year. Your living arrangements must not violate state law. 
• • They cannot be claimed as a dependent by another taxpayer.

What is the primary reason for my parent’s nursing home stay?

Whether you can deduct your parent’s nursing home expenses depends on the reason for their stay. The IRS differentiates between people whose primary reason for being in the nursing home is to receive medical care and those who are there primarily to receive nonmedical care.

Nursing home residents who live in care communities primarily for medical care can deduct 100% of their annual expenses. Examples of medical care can include:

• • 24-hour supervision.
• • Rehabilitation services.
• • Physical, occupational, and speech therapy.

On the other hand, nursing home residents who live in these facilities for nonmedical care may deduct only the cost of medical care, not nonmedical expenses such as meals or lodging.

How much of my nursing home costs are deductible expenses?

Taxpayers can only deduct the total amount of allowable expenses that exceeds 7.5% of their adjusted gross income.

Can my parents and I claim the same expense?

Typically, you may only deduct the expenses you paid during the tax year. This is why it is important to itemize your expenses. Itemizing entails tracking and listing each time you paid for nursing home care out of pocket. Keep receipts for what you’ve paid. Even if you make partial payments for nursing home services, you might be able to deduct the expenses you incur.

Examples of other medical expenses that you should track throughout the tax year are:

• • Copays for doctor’s appointments.
• • The cost of prescriptions and over-the-counter drugs.
• • Purchase of medical equipment like wheelchairs or walkers.
• • Payments for transportation to medical appointments. Keep in mind that you might be able to claim mileage on your tax returns, too.

How can a tax deduction affect me?

Claiming a deduction for nursing home expenses might not be the best choice for you. Tax deductions reduce the amount of your taxable income. Deductions can place you into a different tax bracket, meaning you could see some savings, but only if your expenses exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income. However, if your expenses are unlikely to exceed this amount, you may be better off taking the standard deduction.

Consult a tax professional

Paying for a parent’s nursing home care can be difficult, but some costs may be deductible expenses. The best way to get the most out of nursing home tax deductions is to consult a tax attorney or tax professional. They can help guide you through the sometimes complicated process of determining your eligibility to deduct nursing home expenses and ensuring that you maximize your deductions. Caring for your parents and looking after your finances at the same time is possible. Here’s to a successful tax season!

If you or a loved one has low vision or vision problems, safety concerns can make it difficult to continue living at home. Luckily, there are strategies and steps you can take to ensure the safety of someone living in their home with vision loss. Let’s examine what low vision is and three ways you can help your parent with vision loss.

What is low vision?

Low vision is not the same as blindness. It is an irreversible vision impairment that cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, medicine, or surgery. Since some vision remains, it is not considered blindness, but it greatly impacts an individual’s ability to go about daily activities.

Several age-related conditions can cause low vision, many of which can be treated to prevent further vision loss. Yearly eye exams are essential to detect these diseases, in addition to checking if vision has changed and providing updated corrective lenses.

• • Age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the part of the retina responsible for the central part of vision. Most types of macular degeneration are untreatable.
• • Glaucoma: Glaucoma is a disease that can cause vision loss and blindness by damaging the optic nerve. If caught early, glaucoma can be treated, but damaged vision won’t be restored.
• • Diabetic retinopathy: Diabetic retinopathy is damage to the blood vessels in the retina caused by diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy can be treated, but vision loss is usually permanent, with the possibility of some sight restoration.
• • Cataracts: Cataracts are a clouding of the eye’s lens, causing blurred or cloudy vision. Cataract surgery can restore lost sight.

Maximize home safety for your parent with vision loss

Low vision can significantly complicate an individual’s safety and comfort. Falls are the biggest concern for people with low vision. You should assess each room in the home and make adjustments to increase safety. You can’t eliminate the possibility of falling, but you can minimize the risk.

• • Optimize lighting: Adequate lighting is critical for people with low vision. Not all lighting works well for people with low vision. For example, lighting with a cooler, bluer color works better than warmer light. Take some time to consider lighting choices that best suit your needs. 
• • Fall prevention and exercises: Low vision increases the risk of falls. Ensure that the home is safe by removing obstacles like loose rugs and arranging furniture so it is easy to get around. Place commonly used items within easy reach. Working with a physical therapist or doing exercises to improve balance and strength can help prevent falls and increase confidence in mobility.
• • Install handrails and grab bars: Install handrails along all interior and exterior stairs for security. The bathroom should have grab bars beside the toilet and in several locations in the shower. Contact an occupational therapist or a Certified Aging-in-Place Specialist (CAPS) to assist with appropriate placement.
• • Arrange for transportation: People with low vision may have to stop driving. Consider hiring home caregivers to provide transportation to appointments and activities. Rideshare services like Lyft or Uber may also be useful.
• • Get a medical alert system: A medical alert system can provide a sense of security for someone with low vision and give you peace of mind. Independence is important, and a medical alert system can encourage confidence in your loved one in knowing that they can contact someone in an emergency or that fall detection will alert someone to come help.

Check in and visit frequently

If you have a loved one with low vision who lives independently, do everything you can to encourage and promote independence. At the same time, make an effort to evaluate safety and quality of life by calling and visiting. Ensure your loved one commits to regular ophthalmology appointments and continues any recommended treatment.

Encourage your parent to maintain emotional well-being

With vision loss, your loved one may struggle to enjoy hobbies they used to love, like reading, knitting, or woodworking. Losing hobbies can be depressing and demoralizing, but there are possibilities to explore. Try to find or create other enjoyable activities to replace lost ones, like music or exercise. Assistive devices like large-print books, audiobooks, magnifiers, and screen readers can also help. Remember that vision loss can lead to isolation and loneliness. Make sure to get out and socialize with loved ones as much as possible. 

While living with vision loss presents many challenges, living a full and rich life with low vision is possible. Following tips to ensure safety in the home is the first step in maintaining health and well-being. With the right knowledge, you or a loved one can maintain independence while living with low vision.

Living at home independently and safely can become more difficult as a person ages, but it is possible to stay in the home you love with the right support. In-home care services can help seniors with everyday tasks that become more challenging with pain, cognitive decline, or mobility limitations. Personal care is a category of home care that provides assistance with daily personal tasks, and it might be the solution you or your parent needs to live at home safely. Here, we explain personal care services and how they help older adults age in place with safety and comfort. 

What are personal care services?

Personal care services assist an older adult with activities of daily living or instrumental activities of daily living. Activities of daily living (ADLs) are fundamental tasks that a person needs to complete every day and include bathing, dressing, feeding onself, toileting, ambulating (moving around), and transferring (moving from one place to another, like from bed to a chair). Instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are a different types of tasks, such as cleaning the home, grocery shopping, washing laundry, preparing meals, and other related activities.

Personal care services help seniors stay in their communities and homes because the daily help with completing ADLs and IADLs is brought to the clients in their homes. Having these services in the home helps older adults live at home when they might otherwise be unable to live independently. Getting in-home personal care services is an alternative to moving to a senior living community, such as a continuing care retirement community, assisted living, or nursing home.

Examples of personal care service tasks

Home care is a wide umbrella term for many services that a senior can bring into the home. Some may need help distinguishing personal care services from others, like homemaker services. Some examples of tasks clients can get help with through personal care services can include

• • Showering or bathing, including verbal or physical cueing or hands-on assistance.
• • Dressing and undressing.
• • Grooming tasks, including brushing teeth, denture care, shaving, hair styling, and makeup.
• • Transferring, such as getting in and out of a chair or bed.
• • Ambulation, which might include cueing the senior to use their mobility device correctly or using a gait belt to walk steadily beside the person.
• • Toileting and incontinence management.
• • Eating, which can include giving verbal cues for mealtimes or step-by-step support with eating or drinking. 

Notice how these tasks all relate to everyday tasks related to being clothed, clean, and fed. A personal care services caregiver may not cook the meal but may help a client eat it. Some home care providers can arrange for their staff to help you with both types of tasks, so be sure to ask them if you or your loved one needs help with both.

Who provides personal care services?

Caregivers who assist with personal care service tasks are professional caregivers who are staff members of home care agencies. They are typically not licensed medical professionals, but meet requirements to assist with personal care tasks.

Seniors and their families can hire these caregivers through home care agencies. Personal care services given to a senior who pays out of pocket for their home care services can be provided by a caregiver who works for a nonmedical home care agency. Seniors with Medicaid who qualify to receive in-home services through a waiver must work with an independent or agency-based personal care attendant (PCA). Medical home health agencies can also offer personal care services, which might be carried out by a certified nursing assistant (CNA).

Is personal care right for my loved one?

If your loved one struggles with keeping up with activities of daily living, personal care services can be just what they need to remain healthy in their home. Poor hygiene, for example, can quickly lead to a breakdown in skin integrity, which can cause sores, wounds, or rashes. 

Your loved one might benefit from assistance with one or more of their activities of daily living through personal care services if:

• • You’ve noticed them wearing the same clothing repeatedly.
• • They look unkempt or do not follow their usual grooming style.
• • They have a history of falling in the past six months.
• • They have pain or stiffness. 
• • They have lost or gained weight unintentionally over the past six months.

Paying for personal care services

Medicare typically doesn’t cover the cost of home care services because these tasks are not medical care tasks. So, it is up to the senior to pay for personal care services. Paying out of pocket for home care is also called “private pay.” Seniors can expect to see hourly rates for personal care services.

Private pay options for covering home care costs like personal care services can include retirement savings, other retirement income, long-term care insurance, or life insurance, in some cases. You might be able to offset the costs by utilizing Veterans benefits if your loved one is eligible. 

Personal care services can also be covered under a Medicaid waiver. These waivers, typically called home- and community-based services (HCBS) waivers, are given out by the state your loved one lives in if your loved one qualifies. You can learn more about application and eligibility on the Medicaid website, or you can contact your local Area Agency on Aging or senior services department to learn more. 

Since Medicare is health insurance and personal care is not considered medical in nature, Medicare typically does not cover it if that is the only care the senior needs. However, medically necessary part-time or intermittent home health aide care can be covered if the senior is receiving skilled nursing care at the same time. If this is the case, Medicare might cover some of the costs as long as a Medicare-approved physician prescribes the care and deems it medically necessary and a Medicare-certified home health agency provides it.

Finding personal care services

If you believe that your loved one would benefit from personal care services, begin by looking for home care agencies near your loved one’s location. Narrow down your choices based on online reviews and recommendations from friends, neighbors, and physicians. Most home care agencies offer free consultations, which allows you to interview a few of the agencies at the top of your list before making an informed decision.

Personal care services assist older adults, keeping them safe and healthy in the home. If you or your loved one needs assistance with personal care tasks but wishes to remain in their home and community, this could be the right solution. By knowing the details about personal care services, you can make the best decision for your situation.

Memory care communities are specialized senior living residences designed to meet the challenges of cognitive decline. Not only is the community staffed with team members who have had specific training about dementia, but the environment itself connects residents with familiar daily rhythms and helps them feel comfortable and safe.

While memory care communities have many benefits, any change or transition can be difficult. Add in the complexities of short-term memory loss, confusion, and other symptoms of cognitive decline, and it is no wonder that residents might experience transition trauma. Transition trauma, sometimes called transfer trauma or relocation stress syndrome, is a physical or emotional reaction to a sudden change in surroundings.

Change is hard for everyone, no matter their age. Coping with change relies on understanding the change and harnessing healthy coping skills. Unfortunately, this can be quite challenging when living with Alzheimer’s disease or another type of dementia. Here are some ways to help make the transition to memory care as smooth as possible for your older loved one.

Early-stage dementia and moving to memory care

Thanks to early awareness and diagnosis, you might be moving your loved one to a memory care community while they are at an early stage of the disease. In this case, you can — and should — involve them as much as possible in the process of touring and selecting the right community. The more they can be involved, the more empowered they can feel by advocating for their preferences.

Before moving in

When preparing for moving day, take the lead for your loved one. If packing their belongings makes them stressed, overwhelmed, or depressed, take over that task for them. Let them know that you’d be happy to take this stressor from them so they can focus on other prep tasks they might enjoy more, such as packing up their favorite photos or art to hang on the walls. 

You can also reduce the uncertainty of moving to a new community by getting your loved one involved in the life of the community before they move in. Plan times for them to enjoy a meal in the community or attend a happy hour or social event. This way, they can get to know the staff, meet their neighbors, and begin to get into the rhythm of daily life there.

On and after moving day

Moving day is busy and stressful. Consider moving your loved one in on your own while they enjoy a day with another family member. This way, after a pleasant day with a loved one, they can come to their new memory care home that is already furnished and set up just how they like it. 

Help your loved one settle into the community by checking in with them often. If you have family support, consider creating a calendar so everyone can sign up for a few days during the first six weeks to check in with a phone call or visit. This will be a familiar touchstone for your loved one and the perfect time to ask how their day was, offer reassurance, and encourage them to attend group activities or pursue their favorite hobbies independently. 

Middle- or late-stage dementia and moving to memory care

If your loved one is moving to a memory care community in the middle to late stage of Alzheimer’s or dementia, they will not be able to be as involved with the community selection process. The middle stage of dementia is marked by significant confusion and lapses in short-term memory, so they likely won’t remember or understand the move even if you tell them about it.

Before move-in day

Your loved one might enjoy going to their new memory care community before moving in. It could be helpful to say the two of you will check out the community’s restaurant or meet some new friends. Then, you can enjoy a meal in the community and stick around for another event your loved one might enjoy. While they might not remember the people they meet there, it can create positive associations with the community.

Work with your loved one’s physician to give a full medical history to the memory care facility staff. Include any behavioral concerns or challenges that the move might trigger. You might also help by bringing your loved one to the community for an assessment before move-in day, should the community request it.

Memory care communities are safe places designed to keep your loved one comfortable. The team of experts who work there are ready to support you and your loved one with the transition, and they will offer you personalized guidance as you get closer to moving day. Be sure you take advantage of their expertise. Communicating with the team at the community weeks before move-in day will benefit everyone.

On and after moving day

Moving day should be as stress-free as possible for your parent. Consider setting up their home without them there. Then, another loved one can bring them by and show them their comfortable and cozy apartment. Plan to spend some time with them before you leave for the day so they can become oriented in their new home.

Be sure to open communication channels with the community staff, especially during the first six to eight weeks. You’ll get a clear picture of how your loved one is doing and adjust your visits with them to support any positive and negative reactions. For example, you might want to stop by and attend an activity with your loved one if the community social worker tells you that your loved one is not comfortable attending group activities yet. 

Remember, transitions are difficult for anyone. A dementia diagnosis can come as a shock, and moving to a new home can be further challenging. With these tips for easing your loved one’s transition to memory care, you can mitigate some negative effects. Remain helpful and steady as you guide your loved one through this change so they can get the care they need.

If you have an older adult loved one who lives alone, you may worry about them feeling isolated. Maybe you’re concerned that they are lonely, or perhaps they have told you they are. While living at home alone isn’t a reason for worry in itself (about 11% of one-person households in America are adults over the age of 65, according to the U.S. Census Bureau), there are some concerns when it comes to older adults who are isolated. Here, we go over some of the signs and risks of social isolation and tips for preventing it.

The difference between being alone and feeling isolated

If your loved one lives alone, it doesn’t necessarily mean they are isolated. They might still meet up with friends for coffee each morning or attend group exercise classes multiple times per week. This is living alone, not isolation. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classifies isolation as the lack of personal relationships with no social support. Seniors living alone should have relationships with peers their age in addition to family members, and they should connect with these peers multiple times throughout the week.

If you want to learn more about your parent’ social engagement and emotional well-being, the best way to do so is by talking with them and visiting them if you can. When you talk to them, look for some of these signals that they have personal relationships and social support:

• • Do they talk about friends or peers that they speak with or spend time with?
• • Do they engage in hobbies that either bring them outside the home or put them in contact with peers?
• • Do they express that they feel lonely at times?
• • Do they feel bored or lack things to do? Friends to talk to?

If you suspect they feel isolated and lonely, talk to them more about it. They might need a simple reminder of the hobby they used to love. Suggest looking at the calendar of their senior living community or local senior center. You can tell them that social isolation can negatively affect them, and it’s important to take it seriously. It may make the conversation easier if they realize that loneliness isn’t just something to deal with and can hurt a person’s mental health.

Dangers of social isolation

Social isolation poses many risks to older adults. Research tells us that social isolation has some severe mental and cognitive health consequences for older adults. According to the CDC, around 20% of people aged 55 and over have a mental health concern. Loneliness can make these concerns worse: It has been linked with increased chances of depression, anxiety, addiction issues, and suicide. People who are socially isolated are also at an increased risk of developing dementia or experiencing a faster progression of the disease.

Social isolation also affects physical health. Older adults who are socially isolated are at an elevated risk for Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. They are at an overall higher risk of premature death. Isolation is a serious concern for the overall well-being of older adults. Luckily, there are ways you can help your loved one stay connected with peers, community members, and family.

Tips for preventing isolation

Consider the social support and calendar of your loved one who lives alone. If they have expressed loneliness, don’t meet up with friends at least a few times per week, or don’t have an active social calendar, they may be socially isolated and, therefore, at risk for physical and mental health consequences.

Work on preventing social isolation by empowering them to focus on creating or nurturing relationships with peers in the neighborhood, their church, or other places throughout the greater community. Here are some tips:

• • Stop by to help your loved one schedule their social gatherings for the next month. Brainstorm fun ideas with them, help them make phone calls or send texts to set up the events, and write them on your loved one’s calendar.
• • Host a weekly coffee meetup at your loved one’s house for their friends. You can make the coffee, set out refreshments, and clean up so that your loved one can spend time with their friends.

Even if you don’t live nearby, you can assist your loved one with maintaining an active social life:

• • Review the program guide for your loved one’s local senior center or senior service agency. Pick out a few events they are interested in and book transportation so they can get there and back home safely.
• • Remind your loved one of the power of connection and the health benefits of spending time with others. Have your loved one’s physician reinforce this idea and encourage socializing as a part of their overall wellness plan.
• • Have neighbors check in with your loved one regularly. Even a quick 10-minute conversation on the porch can help them feel connected to their community.
• • Use technology to stay connected. You can schedule regular phone or video calls, correspond via email, or send them a digital picture frame to which you can upload photos from afar. These tools can help your loved one to keep in touch with far-away friends and family in addition to their social interaction with nearby peers.

Companion care

For some older adults, connecting with peers isn’t as easy as setting up a coffee date at a local diner. They might need more support with transportation, ambulation, and reassurance during social events. In this case, a home care agency might be the perfect solution.

Nonmedical home care services often include transportation and companionship. A caregiver could come to your loved one’s home, help them get ready for their coffee date or fellowship meeting, drive them there, escort them in, and provide companionship while they are at the event. Companionship care can also include visiting the home to play card games, stroll around the neighborhood, or reminisce about favorite topics.

Is your loved one isolated?

If you’re still unsure if your loved one is isolated or thriving at home, consider these questions:

• • Has your loved one expressed feelings of loneliness in the past month? This could be an indicator of social isolation.
• • Does your loved one drive? No longer driving can make connecting with peers significantly more challenging, even if the person can take public transportation independently.
• • Does your loved one have hearing loss, vision loss, or cognitive decline? Each of these conditions can contribute to feeling anxiety in social groups, which can cause them to decline social invitations.
• • Does your loved one require assistance with ambulation? It can feel embarrassing to ask for assistance or use a mobility device in a social setting, especially if the device is new.
• • Does your loved one frequently decline social gatherings with friends and family? If your loved one often chooses to stay at home alone, it can quickly lead to isolation and fewer invitations from family or friends.

Talk with your loved one if you have noticed any of the above. Using our tips, you can devise a plan to combat social isolation and give your loved one the vibrant social life they deserve.

Remember, living alone does not always mean the person is socially isolated. However, it can increase the risk of isolation, which can lead to physical and mental health challenges. Work with your loved one to boost social connections long before they feel isolated to see the best results. With your help, your loved one can thrive in later adulthood by connecting with peers and loved ones.

Aging in place, or living at home for as long as possible, is a common goal for older adults. Aging in place can become more difficult as new conditions and diseases come into play. Fortunately, some resources can support seniors with their challenges to make aging in place a safe option. One major challenge that can come with aging is managing a regimen of prescribed medications, over-the-counter pills, and additional vitamins or supplements. Here, we describe medication reminders, medication management, and medication administration, which are services that make managing medications easier. 

Challenges in managing medications

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that about 70% of seniors use at least one medication daily and around 20% use five or more prescription medications daily. The amount of medications a senior takes can be challenging to organize and manage, even with a pillbox and set reminders on a smartphone. The challenge only increases as the older adult adds over-the-counter medications, supplements, and vitamins. 

Systematic reviews have shown that older adults have a higher risk of medication error and injury when they attempt to manage more than one medication daily. Cognitive decline, lack of social support, and decline in physical abilities are also contributing factors that can cause medication errors that may lead to emergencies.

If your older loved one takes daily medications, they don’t have to do it alone. Some in-home medication support services can assist in ensuring that your loved one takes the right medications in the right dosage at the right time.

Medication reminders

Nonmedical home care agencies, assisted living, and some independent living communities offer medication reminder services. This service provides verbal and physical cues to remind the senior to take their medication at the assigned time.

Medication reminders are given by a specially trained certified nursing assistant (CNA). The caregiver tells the individual it is time for their medication, and they supervise them while they take their medications. The caregivers double-check the timing and dose of the medicine, but they do not touch the medication or provide hands-on assistance with administering it. 

Medication reminders are an excellent option for a senior who might simply feel overwhelmed by their medication schedule.

Medication management

Another service provided by medical home health care agencies, assisted living, memory care, and some independent living communities is medication management. Medication management services include medication reminders as well as physician coordination and communication.

A nurse is in charge of medication management services. They develop a schedule for medication reminders that a CNA can then carry out. The nurse communicates with the senior’s physician regarding new medications, observations, and side effects. They will also work with the individual’s preferred pharmacy to order new medications and refill previous medications.

Medication management is an excellent option for family members who cannot juggle physician communication, pharmacy visits, and organizing their loved one’s medications.

Medication administration

The most complex service for seniors who need support with their medication is medication administration. This is the physical act of giving medications. Administering medications can include giving injections or intravenous medicines as well as medications given on a sliding scale, which entails progressively increasing dosages at certain times of the day.

Only a licensed clinician, typically a nurse, can provide medication administration. These services are medical in nature, so you will not find them in a nonmedical home care service menu. Instead, you’ll see medication administration offered by medical home health agencies, private nursing agencies, and skilled nursing facilities.

Medication administration is a good solution for seniors with more complex medical needs who cannot get to and from outpatient clinics regularly. Depending on your loved one’s needs, you might be able to offset costs for these services through Medicare, Medicaid, or other insurance.

When to seek support

Medication errors are more common than you might think, especially in the senior population. This is why it is crucial to seek medication support sooner rather than later. Consider looking for support in the home if you’ve witnessed any of these situations:

• • Your loved one is overwhelmed by their medication schedule.
• • Your loved one has been prescribed new medications in the past month.
• • Your loved one takes more than four medications.
• • Your loved one has made a medication error before.
• • You live far away and cannot organize your loved one’s medications in a pillbox or other system.
• • Your loved one isn’t getting their medications refilled on time.
• • Your loved one needs injections or medications on a sliding scale.

You can find in-home support from nonmedical or medical home care agencies, depending on your needs. When you call for a consultation, inform the agency that you are looking for medication support and describe your current medication concerns.

Although medication needs can become more complex with age, there are solutions that ensure your loved one safely and properly takes their medication. Medication reminders, medication management, and medication administration are all viable options for people with different needs. By properly assessing the situation and choosing the right service, you can have peace of mind that your loved one is safely sticking to a medication schedule.

Every day can look different when caring for a person living with Alzheimer’s or another form of dementia. The progression of the disease and behavioral changes can be difficult to predict and manage. Routines are beneficial for a variety of reasons. Many people living with dementia respond well to structure and familiarity. Some experience a decrease in symptoms like agitation when following a daily routine. Caregivers also benefit from organization, which decreases the stress of trying to figure out what to do next. With these ideas for building a daily routine, both you and your loved one with Alzheimer’s can have a smoother day.

Below are a few daily routines you can implement for your loved one with dementia. We’ll share a morning routine, plans for activities during the day, mealtime, and an evening wind-down routine. All these routines can help ensure a seamless day that promotes health and wellness for both you and your loved one. Keep in mind that all routines should be implemented with respect to your loved one’s current routine and preferences.

Morning routine: A familiar way to start the day

The morning routine can set the tone for the day and ensure your loved one does hygiene tasks and has their first meal. For many people with dementia, the morning is one of the best parts of the day. They are refreshed and have the energy to manage more, which allows you to assist with tasks that may be more difficult at other times. Here are key elements of a morning routine: 

Maintain a consistent waketime

Many people with Alzheimer’s or dementia have chronic sleep issues, which can exacerbate the symptoms associated with the disease. Practicing good sleep hygiene can help mitigate some of these factors. Good sleep hygiene involves sticking to a regular sleep schedule, including a consistent wake-up time. During the winter’s shorter days, you might consider using a daylight alarm clock to start the day off with the gentle wake-up of a gradually brightening light. After they awaken, ensure your loved one is wearing their hearing aids or glasses if they use them. 

Make hygiene tasks part of the morning ritual

With age or as dementia progresses, a person may be less inclined to perform hygienic tasks. However, preserving oral health by brushing your teeth or cleaning dentures is important to maintaining good health in advanced age. Similarly, bathing regularly can help people feel good about themselves and fresh for the day. You may need to remind your loved one to do these tasks or eventually help them.

Each morning, remind or assist them with these tasks. If your loved one gets intermittent bathing assistance from a home health aide or home care provider, washing up with a washcloth and washing their hands and face in the morning can be enough for the days they do not fully bathe. Remind your loved one or help them to brush their teeth, floss, use mouthwash, or practice any other oral hygiene they need.

Simplify getting dressed with two choices

If your loved one needs support choosing clothing for the day, offer them two simple outfit choices. Giving options helps maintain your loved one’s sense of independence, but limiting them ensures they won’t become overwhelmed by choices. Be sure to select options you know they’ll like and be comfortable in that suit the plans and weather for the day. Before starting breakfast and medications, finish any remaining hygiene or grooming steps, such as lotions, deodorant, makeup, and hair.

Activity time: Play every day to engage the body and mind

It’s important to encourage mental stimulation for your loved one. Consider a certain time of day to be “activity time” on as many days as possible. Many activities for people at different stages of dementia can be performed alone or with a caregiver. Remember that some days will be better than others for certain activities, so be prepared to change or stop them if needed. 

Also, be aware that confusion and agitation can worsen as the day goes on. Because morning is often one of the best times of the day for people living with dementia, it can be a good time for more complicated tasks. After breakfast, consider doing some of these mental, physical, or social activities.

Mind exercise examples

Mind exercises help to keep your loved one cognitively active, which benefits their overall well-being and can help with confusion and agitation. Try some cognitive challenges with your loved one early in the day. These can be a wide range of activities based on their preferences. Consider word puzzles, jigsaw puzzles, trivia, or reading the local news. You also might try reminiscing by looking through old photos or listening to and talking about their favorite music from the past. Sorting items can help calm the mind and body for people in later stages of the disease.

Physical activity ideas

Staying active as you age is essential for maintaining physical and mental health. Depending on your loved one’s physical abilities, some light exercise could be beneficial. Going for a walk or doing some light housework could keep your loved one moving and give them a sense of purpose around the home. If they have mobility challenges or you can’t help them, stationery tasks like folding laundry can engage a range of muscles and the mind.

Other fun activities that can be done independently or with a family member, like singing and dancing, can be fun. There are many options for physical activity if your loved one has decreased mobility. 

Social engagement tips

Social interaction is important for maintaining everyone’s emotional well-being. Being around other people can reduce your loved one’s sense of isolation and improve their mental state in addition to the cognitive stimulation of talking with loved ones or other people. Be sure to schedule social activities when they are up for it, and remember that too many people might overstimulate your loved one. If this happens, be prepared to cut visits or social activities short to alleviate anxiety and agitation.

Consistent mealtimes helps energy, nutrition, and medication

Having meals around the same time daily can help your loved one maintain a familiar schedule. Like all of us, they become hungry around the same time each day, so establishing consistent mealtimes will help keep their energy and blood sugar stable.

Many older adults struggle to get the nutrition they need due to aging-related concerns. A decrease in appetite is a common issue. If this is the case for your loved one, be prepared for them to eat outside planned mealtimes if they are hungry. Have snacks on hand for these situations. Also, consider adding nutritional drinks to the meal plan to give your loved one essential vitamins and nutrients.

If your loved one takes any medications multiple times per day, it’s possible that they’ll have a medication to take before or after eating a meal. Planning to have meals at the same time each day will help keep them nourished, their medication on schedule, and your expectations of daytime tasks consistent.

Evening wind-down: Screen-free, consistent bedtime

Some people living with Alzheimer’s or other forms of dementia experience increased confusion or anxiety in the evenings, a phenomenon known as sundowning. An evening wind-down routine can help ease end-of-day agitation and prepare your loved one for a restful sleep.

Play soothing or familiar music

Music is a powerful tool when it comes to dementia. It can easily be used as an activity or strategy for reducing anxiety. Playing soothing music in the evenings as you prepare for the nighttime routine can help to set the tone and calm your loved one. 

Stop screen time before bed

Too much screen time before going to sleep can negatively impact the quality of rest. Instead, try reading together, playing cards, looking through photo albums, or even doing a gentle creative activity in the evening. It’s important to keep it simple while also keeping your loved one awake until a healthy bedtime. 

Blue light from digital screens, like smartphones and tablets, suppresses our body’s natural secretion of melatonin, a hormone that helps regulate our sleep. If it’s possible to keep your loved one from looking at screens in the hours before bedtime, that may help them feel sleepy more naturally.

Maintain a consistent bedtime

Just as with waking, keeping a consistent bedtime is important to ensure your loved one is getting enough quality rest. Going to bed too late, too early, or at varying times can disrupt their night’s sleep and negatively affect the next day. This can be more challenging when the sun sets early in the winter, but keeping the lights on until bedtime can help promote healthy sleep hygiene.

Before bedtime, help your loved one with hygiene tasks, like brushing teeth and bathing. Keep their room dark and cool to help with sleep quality (but be sure to leave any nightlights on if necessary to prevent falls if they get up during the night). 

Keeping a daily routine has many benefits for both your loved one and you as their caregiver. Familiarity and routine prove helpful in keeping people with Alzheimer’s from becoming confused or overwhelmed. Daily routine can relieve your stress by providing a plan for each day, allowing you to avoid the struggle of working out what you should be doing at any given time. If you’re looking for ways to add consistency to your loved one’s life, try one of the ideas above. You may notice both of you can move through the day with more ease and confidence when you know what to expect.

Navigating the financial complexities of assisted living can be daunting for seniors and their families. As you make payments to the community you or your loved one lives in to get their needed care, you may wonder if assisted living expenses are tax deductible. This article sheds light on the tax implications of assisted living costs, helping seniors and their adult children make informed decisions about managing these expenses.

What is a tax deduction?

A tax deduction is a reduction in taxable income. Various expenses incurred throughout the year, including some medical costs, can be tax deductible. These deductions can significantly lower the amount of income tax an individual owes to the federal government. Understanding the nuances of tax deductions can help taxpayers maximize their potential savings during tax season.

Tax deductions work by decreasing your total taxable income. For example, if you earn $50,000 a year and have $10,000 in deductible expenses, your taxable income would be reduced to $40,000. This reduction can potentially lower your tax bracket, resulting in significant tax savings. The benefit of tax deductions extends beyond just the immediate financial relief; it encourages taxpayers to invest in their health, property, and future.

Claiming tax deductions

To benefit from tax deductions, taxpayers must itemize their deductions on their tax returns, which involves listing each deductible expense individually. Some people choose this method over taking the standard deduction when the total itemized deductions exceed the standard deduction amount. Doing so can be financially beneficial for those with significant deductible expenses.

What assisted living costs are tax deductible?

As the population ages, more seniors and their families are confronted with assisted living costs. These costs can be substantial, prompting the question: Is assisted living tax deductible?

Types of deductible costs

Not all costs associated with assisted living are tax deductible. Generally, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) allows deductions for medical expenses, including some costs related to assisted living, when they are primarily for the prevention or alleviation of a physical or mental illness. These deductible expenses can include but are not limited to nursing care, treatment, and many medical fees associated with assisted living facilities.

Medical expenses and income requirements

To deduct medical expenses related to assisted living, they must exceed 7.5% of the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income (AGI). Only the amount that exceeds this threshold is deductible. This means that if your AGI is $40,000, any medical expenses above $3,000 (the amount that is 7.5% of $40,000) could be deductible. This requirement underscores the importance of keeping detailed records of all medical-related expenses throughout the year.

Deductibility for seniors

For seniors, the deductibility of assisted living expenses depends on the classification of these expenses as medical care. If a physician certifies that assisted living is necessary for the senior due to health concerns, a portion of the facility’s fees attributable to medical care may be deductible. You should talk with your tax professional about your situation to determine if and what expenses could be tax deductible for you.

Deductibility for adult children

Adult children contributing to the cost of a parent’s assisted living adds another layer of complexity to the possibility of tax deductions. Suppose the adult child can claim the parent as a dependent, which involves meeting certain relationship, financial support, and income criteria. In that case, the child may be able to deduct the parent’s medical expenses, including those for assisted living, on their tax return.

What assisted living costs are not tax deductible?

While some costs associated with assisted living can be deducted, it’s important to understand which expenses are excluded from tax deductions. Nondeductible costs typically include room and board. Additionally, any fees related to nonmedical services, such as housekeeping, meals, and security, are typically not eligible for tax deductions. Understanding the distinction between medical and nonmedical expenses is crucial for accurately determining the deductible portion of assisted living costs.

Special considerations for adult children

When it comes to an adult child paying for a parent’s assisted living, the IRS provides specific guidelines that must be met for these expenses to be tax deductible. One of the key factors is whether the adult child can claim the parent as a dependent. To do so, the child must provide more than half of the parent’s financial support during the tax year. Furthermore, the parent’s gross income must not exceed a certain limit, excluding Social Security and certain other incomes. If these conditions are met, the adult child may be able to deduct the medical portions of their parent’s assisted living expenses, contributing to a reduced tax burden.

When costs are deductible

Determining when a parent’s assisted living costs are deductible to the child involves navigating complex IRS rules. If the adult child qualifies to claim the parent as a dependent, and if the expenses are primarily for medical care as prescribed by a health care professional, these costs can be deductible. This includes when multiple siblings contribute to the parent’s care; if together they provide more than half of the parent’s support, they may agree on who among them claims the deduction, provided the total contributions qualify.

The question of whether assisted living is tax deductible involves examining IRS regulations and personal financial situations. While certain medical-related expenses in assisted living can be deducted, many costs associated with day-to-day living are not eligible for tax relief. Understanding these distinctions is vital for seniors and their families, particularly adult children who financially support their aging parents. 

Consult with a tax professional who can provide guidance tailored to individual circumstances, ensuring that all eligible deductions are claimed and maximizing potential tax savings. Navigating the financial implications of assisted living can be challenging, but with the right knowledge and professional advice, families can make informed decisions that benefit their financial health and support the well-being of their loved ones in assisted living.

Alzheimer’s and other forms of dementia present safety challenges for the person diagnosed, especially if they are living at home rather than in a memory care facility. As the disease progresses, the symptoms contributing to these challenges become more and more prominent. Caring for a loved one with dementia can be a cause for stress, but luckily, some strategies and tools can help them stay safe while maintaining some independence in their own home. In this guide, you’ll learn dementia home safety tips and strategies to support a person living with dementia at home. 

Complete a dementia home safety checklist

While many symptoms of dementia are cognitive, people may also experience some physical changes. They may struggle with depth perception and balance, increasing their risk of falls, which can be dangerous or even deadly to older adults. 

Consider going through a home safety checklist to identify potential fall hazards in the home.  Loose carpets, obstructed pathways, and dim lighting can all contribute to fall risks. There are simple solutions for many of these issues, like using rug tape or removing loose rugs, moving furniture, and installing proper lighting. You can purchase grab bars or bathroom shower chairs and ensure commonly used items are within easy reach. Other more involved fixes, like widening doorways and installing ramps, may also be helpful.

Get a medical ID bracelet

A medical ID bracelet, while simple, can be a powerful tool. In the event of an emergency, a person living with dementia may not be able to communicate their medical needs. A medical ID bracelet will alert first responders to their dementia diagnosis and other medical conditions. It can also provide information on how to contact family members. 

While a medical ID bracelet is necessary for a person with dementia, it’s also helpful for another older adult who lives with them. If that person experiences a medical emergency, the person with dementia may not be able to express their loved one’s medical needs and conditions. The medical ID bracelet will ensure that first responders know this information.

Consider using a tracking tool

People living with dementia may experience confusion, which could lead to the individual becoming lost or attempting to leave or wander. Some families find that GPS tracking tools can help give peace of mind in the chance of a wandering incident. 

You might use the location-sharing app if your loved one has a smartphone. However, it’s important to remember that this will only be effective if the person has their phone on them and it’s charged. Alternatively, there are tracking key chains and wearable trackers, like watches, jewelry, and even shoe soles that can be worn discreetly. 

Get a medical alert system

A medical alert system could give you some peace of mind in caring for your loved one with dementia who is living at home. These devices, which are often wearable, ensure that they will get the help they need in the event of an emergency. Depending on the device, a simple button push is usually all your loved one needs to do to contact family members and/or emergency services. Some have fall detection, so your loved one can get help even without pushing a button. Others have GPS tracking, which can help if your loved one wanders or gets lost. These devices can be invaluable in ensuring the safety of your loved one.

Install an automatic stove shutoff

A person living with dementia may be at risk of leaving the stove on due to memory concerns. Some families can install an automatic stove shutoff. This tool shuts off the stove if it detects smoke or if the stove has been left on for a long time. If your stove is compatible, this can be a lifesaving device. 

Utilize a medication management program

Memory concerns can result in an individual forgetting to take their medication or even taking it multiple times, leading to an accidental overdose. Depending on your loved one’s level of cognitive decline, there are a variety of simple or more complex tools and devices available to help with this issue. 

You could use a simple weekly pillbox, create a master list of all medications and times, and set reminders with a phone or other timer. Timed pillboxes unlock the correct boxes at set times, so your loved one takes their medications only when the right section is open. Other pillboxes are more sophisticated and dispense the pills at preset times, giving access to only the needed medications.

Monitor internet usage

More and more frequently, there are scams on the internet that target older adults, though anyone can be susceptible. People living with dementia may be at an increased risk of falling victim to online scams. Memory issues and confusion may lead to them divulging personal information or even sending money to scammers. 

While there’s no easy way to stop this threat, monitoring internet usage can be key to keeping your loved one’s identity and money safe. If you can, talk with your loved one about internet safety and ask if they are comfortable sharing their online passwords with you. This way, you can monitor their online activity and email to ensure they are not sharing personal or financial information with people they do not know. If your loved one has unfortunately fallen victim to an online scam, there are steps you can take to keep the problem from worsening, such as changing passwords and contacting financial institutions and law enforcement.

While not every emergency can be avoided, thinking about how your loved one’s dementia diagnosis can impact their safety will decrease the chance of something happening. It’s important to remember that none of these tools can replace another person providing support and supervision, but they can help as you care for your loved one. With thoughtful planning and implementing dementia home safety tools, you can help your loved one with dementia stay safe and independent for as long as possible.

Those who want access to television shows, news, and movies now have many cable alternatives and can watch live TV without cable. This can be especially helpful for seniors who live on fixed budgets or who need to make a choice about TV service in a new apartment in an assisted living community. Here, we’ll go over how to watch TV without cable and how to view favorite shows, movies, and other content through various providers. 

What are streaming services?

Streaming platforms have revolutionized how we consume media, allowing instant and on-demand access to thousands of shows, movies, and live TV without the need for a traditional cable subscription. Let’s explore some of the most popular streaming platforms. The prices provided below are current as of this article’s publishing; streaming services often add new plans, adjust their terms and conditions, and change their prices over time.

Watch live TV without cable using these streaming services

Several streaming platforms offer a live TV experience for those interested in cable alternatives. Hulu + Live TV, YouTube TV, and Sling TV have emerged as cable TV alternatives, providing access to live channels with various types of content, including news, sports, and entertainment. These platforms allow viewers to stream live TV without being tethered to the schedules and contracts of conventional cable providers.

Hulu + Live TV

Those who want to watch TV but don’t want to pay for cable service can consider Hulu + Live TV. This add-on service to a Hulu subscription allows you to watch live TV programming, like your favorite news, network TV channels, and sports teams. You have many options about how much content you can access. The most basic version is $75.99 monthly as of February 2024 and includes live TV only. You won’t be able to access Hulu’s content library or other platforms available through other plans, but if you’re looking for TV only, this could be an option for you. Click the “view channels in your area” button and enter your zip code to see the channels you can watch with your subscription. 

YouTube TV

YouTube is famous for its endless video content but also has a TV service that allows you to watch live TV without a cable subscription. The basic subscription is $72.99 per month and grants you access to YouTube TV’s wide range of channels and content. With over 100 channels in categories like local news, sports, lifestyle, and family content, you’ll never be bored. YouTube TV also offers a Spanish plan and NFL Sunday Ticket. 

Sling TV

Sling TV offers live TV programming with no annual contracts. Sling’s plans are highly customizable, so you’ll just need to figure out what content you want to watch and choose the plan with the right channels for you. If you discover you want more content, that’s OK — simply choose from different add-on packages and start watching. Sling’s Orange Plan starts at just $40 per month and allows subscribers to stream 32 channels on one device. If you want more channels, you can upgrade to the Blue Plan for $45 per month and watch on up to three devices. Add on a number of other channels for a bit more. 

Cable alternatives for TV shows and movies

When it comes to watching TV shows without cable, services like Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, and HBO Max have become household names. Each offers a unique library of movies, original series, and documentaries catering to diverse tastes and interests. Unlike cable TV, these services provide the freedom to watch whatever you want, whenever you want, without waiting for a scheduled airing time.

Netflix

This streaming service allows subscribers to watch TV shows and movies and choose from multiple subscription plans at varying prices. The standard with ads subscription is only $6.99 per month, which can be cost-effective for seniors on a budget. If a family member in a different household already has a subscription and wants to share it with their senior loved one, Netflix has created an option for that. Subscribers of the standard with no ads plan ($15.49 a month) can add an extra non-household member for only $7.99 monthly. That way, Mom, Dad, or a grandparent doesn’t need to create their own account. Simply log in to the app and watch any of the programming.

Amazon Prime Video

Amazon Prime is a subscription service through Amazon that gives subscribers free, quick shipping on millions of products, and its video streaming service gives instant access to TV shows and movies as well. Prime Video costs $14.99 per month as of February 2024. If you receive Medicaid, EBT, or other public benefits, you may qualify for Amazon services at a discounted rate through Prime Access. 

Disney+

For just $7.99 a month, subscribers can access Disney+ content through its basic subscription plan. Subscribers will watch ads with this plan, but you’ll have access to Disney programming, which includes countless Disney movies, shows, documentaries, and more. At $9.99 a month, subscribers can access Disney+ and Hulu programs with ads. If there’s a sports fan in the household, the Disney Trio plan might do the trick: Add ESPN+ access into the mix for $14.99 per month. See Disney+’s pricing to learn more about these options and the cost of these plan options if you’d like to cut out the ads. 

Max (formerly HBO Max)

HBO Max is now known simply as Max, but you still get all the cinematic masterpieces you loved from HBO. Known for its seemingly endless movie selection, excellent TV shows, and original programming, Max gives you access to its content for only $9.99 per month with ads. You can nix the ads for $15.99 per month if you’d like. Max now offers sports programming as an optional add-on. 

Streaming platforms for specific interests

Diving deeper into the alternatives to cable TV, there are numerous niche streaming platforms that cater to specific genres and interests. Whether you want to watch British TV and UK-based content, Broadway musicals, educational and nonfiction programming, or classic movies and foreign films, there’s a streaming service for you. These niche services underscore the personalized nature of streaming, allowing users to curate their viewing experience based on their unique preferences.

Acorn TV

Acorn TV streams British network movies and TV series and also creates its own Acorn Originals. You can purchase this subscription for just $6.99 a month or pay ahead for a year and receive a discounted rate. You can also buy the subscription as a gift. Test it out with a free trial. 

BritBox

Another British TV platform, BritBox is connected to the BBC and offers many other British programs, movies, and content. Get BritBox for $8.99 per month — you can try it for free for seven days first if you’d like.

BroadwayHD

BroadwayHD offers subscribers access to hundreds of Broadway musicals. For $19.99 per month, view all your favorites and new musical theater. Choose from a number of different categories and watch your favorites anywhere, anytime. You can also give this subscription as a gift.

CuriosityStream

CuriosityStream is a streaming platform that for just $5.84 per month grants access to multiple streaming services that aren’t filled with your typical programming. Watch documentaries, cooking shows, kids’ educational programming, and talks and specials. This content is for the curious at a great price. See the content and programming categories here. 

The Criterion Channel

If you like classic movies and foreign films or just love the art of film, The Criterion Channel could be for you. Get the subscription for $10.99 per month or $99.99 for the year and watch all the classic favorites and films from around the world. You can also get access to extra content and see interviews and behind-the-scenes footage to dive deeper into the world of film. See the complete list of movies here — filter by genre, country, decade, and director to see the in-depth content Criterion has to offer.

How to access a cable alternative

The transition to TV without cable is facilitated by various technologies and platforms. Understanding how to access these services is crucial for anyone looking to make the switch from traditional cable TV.

Internet providers and streaming access

Many internet providers now offer bundles that include access to popular streaming platforms, often at a discounted rate. This approach can simplify the process for users, integrating their internet and streaming needs into a single package. It’s an appealing option for those new to the streaming world, offering a straightforward path to a wide range of content without needing multiple subscriptions.

Signing up for streaming subscriptions

Getting started with streaming services is typically a straightforward process. Most platforms offer simple online sign-up procedures, where users can create an account, select a subscription plan, and start watching within minutes. This ease of access is a relief compared to cable TV providers’ often complicated and contract-bound processes.

Using smart TVs and streaming devices

For those wondering how to watch TV without cable, smart TVs and streaming devices like Roku, Amazon Fire TV Stick, and Apple TV provide the answer. These devices connect to your TV and internet, transforming a television into a smart device capable of accessing a wide range of streaming services. This hardware is central to the cable-free experience, allowing users to easily navigate between different services and enjoy a high-quality viewing experience on their existing TV sets.

Considerations before cutting the cable cord

Subscribing to streaming services can help you get the viewing experience you want. Here are some considerations to remember before you decide to watch TV without cable.

Necessary technology

Embracing TV without cable means ensuring you have the necessary technology to support your streaming needs. This often involves more than just having a broadband internet connection. A smart TV or a streaming device becomes essential for accessing various streaming services. Additionally, ensuring your internet connection is fast and reliable is crucial, as streaming quality and buffering times depend on your internet speed.

Potential costs

While one of the main attractions of cable alternatives is the potential for cost savings, it’s important to approach this aspect intentionally. The costs associated with subscribing to multiple streaming services can quickly add up, potentially negating the financial benefits of cutting the cable cord. It’s essential for individuals to evaluate their viewing habits and prioritize which services are most important to them. This may involve a trade-off between the variety of content available and the monthly subscription costs. Viewers can tailor their subscriptions to fit their budget and viewing preferences by carefully selecting a combination of general and niche streaming services.

Managing multiple services

The convenience of accessing a wide range of content across different platforms comes with its own challenges, notably the complexity of managing multiple streaming services. Keeping track of the available content on each service, along with different login credentials and billing cycles, can become difficult. However, strategies to help with these challenges include using password managers for login credentials and setting reminders for billing dates. Some viewers might opt for aggregation services or devices that allow easy switching between platforms, further streamlining the viewing experience.

The journey from traditional cable TV to exploring the many cable alternatives available today reflects a broader shift in consumer preferences toward more personalized, flexible, and on-demand viewing experiences. The rise of streaming services offering live TV and platforms dedicated to shows, movies, and niche interests has paved the way for a new era of television consumption. Viewers can enjoy TV entertainment without cable by understanding how to access these services, considering the necessary technology, and thoughtfully managing the costs and logistics of multiple subscriptions.

Caring for an aging parent is a stressor that can cause family disputes and put strain on sibling relationships. Differing opinions might bring about heated conversations, especially when discussing how to pay for senior care. Here are some tactics to help settle family disputes about caring for an aging parent. As long as you put your parent’s needs at the forefront and remain logical and civil, you can all rally around their health and well-being.

Deescalate the family dispute by focusing on the common goal

When tensions rise, it’s important to put the situation back into context. Remember that you’re having a family dispute because you share the common sentiment that your parent’s safety, health, and comfort are priorities. If you don’t feel as if you’re agreeing on much at the moment, that’s a great place to start.

If there are any major disagreements about your parents’ care, revert to this mantra individually and as a group while considering your parents’ future wishes. Keeping their safety, health, comfort, and wishes at the forefront of all decisions should help focus the family on the best next steps. Caring for an aging parent and witnessing their health decline are emotional pain points for everyone, which can easily lead to family disputes. Remembering the priority of your parent’s care can help filter out any emotions that don’t serve your parent so they can receive the care they need and want.

Focus on the facts

If your loved one’s health has changed, or if they are no longer thriving in their current situation, foster productive conversation between siblings by taking an objective approach and looking only at the facts. For example, the fact that Mom has fallen three times this month and hasn’t left the house in four weeks is more fact-based than that Mom seems sad and not as productive. Encourage one another to discuss the situation with facts, leaving emotions and assumptions out of the conversation.

Acknowledge the relationship dynamics among siblings

If you are heading toward or in the middle of a difficult conversation about your parent’s future, acknowledge your relationship with your siblings. Some families are close while others are not, and both are okay. You don’t need to be best friends to make the best decisions about your aging parent’s care.

In fact, it can be helpful to acknowledge that you don’t share the same values as your older brother or that your younger sister is closer to and communicates better with him than you. Understanding these family dynamics can help you adjust your approach to difficult conversations. In this example, could your younger sister act as a liason to make communication more effective?

Keep the major decisions among siblings

In most cases, siblings should work together and not bring in in-laws for major decisions. While it’s helpful to talk about the situation with your partner, they don’t necessarily need to be a part of family meetings. Bringing in more voices and opinions can make a difficult conversation more fraught.

Avoid gossiping about siblings to each other

Keep gossip and bad-talking to a minimum. Rattling off negative opinions about your brother to your sister via text is not a good idea, even if your sister is your go-to person for such talk. Everyone handles conflict differently, and the situation is even more stressful when it revolves around caring for an aging parent. Adding fuel to the fire by gossiping will ultimately increase tension and family disputes, which is counterproductive to your parent’s needs. Manage your words and gossip within the family carefully to ensure everyone remains civil and focused on what matters most.

Discuss estate planning

A health crisis or major decision can throw everyone under stress, which is not ideal for making a confident decision or having a productive conversation. Knowing your parent’s wishes beforehand can prevent family disputes over how to handle a crisis or care decision. When possible, begin family conversations about estate planning, advance directives, and power of attorney designations long before a health crisis occurs. Ideally, everyone in the immediate family will understand your parent’s wishes and who has been designated as the decision-makers in case your aging parents can no longer do so.

AARP recommends choosing power of attorney carefully, and not just based on birth order. For example, the oldest child might not be the best choice for health care support and advocacy if they live far away and cannot keep up with regular doctor visits or be available in an emergency. Don’t take any designations personally, as your parents are not choosing based on favorites but on their preferences paired with the availability of the family.

The most important thing is for all siblings to understand the wishes of their aging parents. This conversation can be difficult to start over a family dinner, but everyone must hear the same message from the parent at the same time. Ensure all siblings are in the same room or on the same phone call for the conversation when possible. It’s also wise to bring up the topic every three to five years or when the parent’s health situation changes.

Consider family counseling to help and prevent family disputes

If your family members are up to it, consider making a few appointments for family therapy with an experienced professional who works with adult children struggling with caring for aging parents. A few counseling sessions won’t necessarily solve your interpersonal relationships, but you can work together to develop boundaries and guidelines for discussions and decisions. Counseling can be very helpful for getting everyone on the same page. Afterward, you can continue group or individual sessions if you want to keep working on your relationships.

Get expert advice from doctors

Sometimes, when the family cannot agree, it is best to get expert recommendations. Make an appointment to speak with your loved one’s physician in person or via video chat to get them to explain your parent’s current condition, prognosis, concerns, and advice for moving forward. Physicians are there to advocate for their patients, so they will have your loved one’s best interests at heart.

Give yourself — and your siblings — a break

You and your siblings will need rest and grace to care for an aging parent and make all the decisions that come with it. When possible, give everyone time to think about big decisions or to recuperate after a challenging conversation. Rest for a few hours or overnight before returning to the topic. You’ll be amazed at what a few-hour pause can do for perspective and willingness to compromise.

Sibling relationships are complex, and caring for an aging parent can add to the challenge. With multiple people making major life decisions, conversations can get heated and become arguments. These tips for settling family disputes can make difficult decisions a bit easier and help ensure your parent receives the care they need without putting too much strain on family dynamics.